Research & science

Research & science Enabling temperature controlled in-situ vapor dosing for lab source X-ray reflectivity measurements arXiv:2607.10339v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: X-ray Reflectivity (XRR) is a valuable technique for probing buried interfaces in complex systems relevant to thin-film, membrane, and battery applications, among others. However, many operando and in situ reflectivity cells are designed for use at synchrotron facilities, limiting the broader accessibility of these measurements. We present an XRR … arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Oxygen-nonstoichiometry-driven phase transition in $\mathrm{Sr}_{1-x}\mathrm{Nd}_{x}\mathrm{CoO}_{3-\delta}$ ($x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3$) perovskites arXiv:2607.10346v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We report a systematic study of the interplay between oxygen nonstoichiometry, crystal structure, and magnetic/electrotransport properties in $\mathrm{Sr}_{1-x}\mathrm{Nd}_{x}\mathrm{CoO}_{3-\delta}$ ($x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3$). High-resolution neutron powder diffraction combined with synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction reveals that increasing the oxyg… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Anomalous Compressibility and Electronic Robustness of Metallic Delafossite PdCoO$_2$ under Pressure arXiv:2607.10361v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The layered delafossite PdCoO$_2$ is an exceptional oxide metal whose ultrahigh conductivity arises from a Pd-derived nearly-free-electron band. Here, high-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction combined with first-principles calculations is used to investigate its structural, bonding, and electronic evolution up to 10 GPa. PdCoO$_2$ retains th… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Why Do Thick MOCVD-Grown beta-Ga2O3 Epilayers on (001) Substrates Crack: Crystallographic Origin arXiv:2607.10378v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Thick, defect free epitaxial layers grown using industry standard techniques are a fundamental requirement for the widespread adoption of fully vertical power devices based on ultra wide bandgap gallium oxide (Ga2O3). However, metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) of such layers on native beta-Ga2O3 substrates with the largest diameter … arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science The evolution of AI from image interpretation toward scientific inference in nanoparticle electron microscopy arXiv:2607.10388v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming electron microscopy by enabling quantitative analysis of increasingly large and complex datasets for nanoparticle characterization. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) have expanded microscopy from a descriptive imaging technique into a data-driven platform for structural int… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Connecting Diffuse Scattering to Atomic-Site-Resolved Occupancy and Displacement Fields through Fourier Filtering arXiv:2607.10440v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Local structural correlations are encoded in diffuse scattering, but identifying atomic motifs that produce specific diffuse features can be challenging. We introduce MOSAIC, a computational framework for this task when an atomistic configuration is available and a phase-bearing scattering amplitude can be calculated. Our approach relies on applyi… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Chiral, Electronically Decoupled Layers of 1T'-WS2 Topological Insulator via Neutral-Molecule Intercalation arXiv:2607.10457v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Monolayer 1T'-WS2 is predicted to be a two-dimensional topological insulator, but its intrinsic electronic properties are masked by strong interlayer coupling in its metallic and superconducting bulk parent phase, 2M-WS2. Isolating monolayers by mechanical exfoliation is also hindered by this coupling, preventing experimental examination of monola… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Surface Variables Description of Axion Topological Materials arXiv:2607.10509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study the response of axion topological materials under the presence of external static electric and magnetic fields. We focus on the macroscopic quasi-static magnetoelectric response of topological insulators. We use techniques based on surface variables that have been previously employed in soft condensed matter problems for the description o… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Nonlinear Tellegen limit arXiv:2607.10584v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Tellegen limit is the fundamental electromagnetic stability bound on magnetoelectric media. We show that nonlinear magnetoelectric coupling gives rise to a new Tellegen limit, which we term the nonlinear Tellegen limit. Unlike the linear Tellegen limit, which is fixed by material parameters, the nonlinear Tellegen limit is field-tunable -- a s… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Spinel Ferrite-Based Materials for Electrochemical Applications: Synthesis, Applications, and Future Perspectives arXiv:2607.10823v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spinel ferrites have shown wide range of applications in various fields, including supercapacitors, Li-ion batteries, water splitting, chemical sensors, catalytic activity, high-frequency magnetic devices, and biomedical, hyperthermia, drug delivery applications., etc. This review focuses on the latest progress and trends on design of spinel ferri… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Catalog of Altermagnetism in Magnetic Wallpaper/Space Groups and Nonsymmorphic Altermagnets arXiv:2607.10857v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Conventional altermagnetism, characterized by compensated collinear spin alignment and spin splitting, exhibits identical spin states at opposite momenta. In this work, we employ a non-spatial global symmetry $S$, the spinless time-reversal symmetry, which effectively replaces inversion symmetry in preserving the spin-state equivalence; hence, we … arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science A Cluster-Based Model of the Spectrum of Erbium-Doped GdVO$_4$ arXiv:2607.10924v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Experimental observations of rare-earth ions doped into an antiferromagnetic crystal show an enriched optical spectrum. In this paper we present a cluster-based model to describe erbium ions doped into a gadolinium vanadate (Er:GdVO$_4$) host crystal, wherein the erbium ion couples directly to its four nearest neighbour gadolinium ions, which in t… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Measurement of Kerr rotation using a variable-angle polarizer method arXiv:2607.11002v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) occurs when polarized light reflects from a magnetized surface, causing a small change in the polarization angle and state. Measurement of the rotation in the angle (Kerr rotation) is well established and typically performed close to the null configuration in a polarizer-analyzer geometry. However, accurate m… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Neural-network-based reconstruction of spin and orbital angular momentum from X-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra arXiv:2607.11058v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is a powerful probe of element-specific spin and orbital angular momentum. Conventional analyses based on sum rules, however, rely on integrated spectral intensities and can become insufficient when multiple parameters influence the spectral line shape. Here, we formulate XMCD analysis as an inverse problem… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Effect of annealing temperature on the structure and properties of co-sputtered Fe-Mn-Sn films near 2:1:1 ratio arXiv:2607.11077v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Research in recent years has focused on the thin-film synthesis of high-quality ternary alloys, identified for their tunable properties and potential in spintronics (e.g., Heusler alloys, Kagome magnets). In a previous study, we identified the conditions for stabilizing Fe$_2$MnSn, a Kagome magnet with a high Curie temperature and magnetic anisotr… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Tiling decomposition multiplicity predicts stability of GaN(0001) surface reconstructions arXiv:2607.11105v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The stable adatom configurations of a semiconductor surface have traditionally been sought by sampling: density functional theory (DFT) energies steer a heuristic or Bayesian search through a configuration space far too large to cover. Here we show that, for the GaN(0001)-$(6\times6)$ surface under the electron counting (EC) rule, the search can i… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science A Generalized Frank-Bilby Equation for Interfaces in Crystalline Materials arXiv:2607.11176v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The classical Frank-Bilby equation (FBE) is commonly used to predict the structure of interfaces in crystalline materials in terms of interfacial dislocation networks. However, in general, the line defects in interfaces are disconnections, possessing both dislocation and step character, which are not captured by the classical FBE. As a result, the… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Electric field induced Berry curvature dipole in quasi-one-dimensional Bi$_4$I$_4$ arXiv:2607.11188v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The nonlinear Hall effect in time-reversal symmetric materials offers a powerful probe into quantum geometry. Here, we investigate the electric-field-tunable nonlinear Hall response in few-layer $\text{Bi}_4\text{I}_4$ using comprehensive first-principles calculations across both its $\alpha$ and $\beta$ phases. Guided by symmetry analysis, we tra… arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Temperature dependence of charge-to-spin conversion in rhombohedral (110) bismuth thin film arXiv:2607.11189v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The amplitude of charge-to-spin conversion, namely the spin Hall effect (SHE), in bismuth (Bi) strongly depends on its crystal orientation. The conversion efficiency at room temperature in rhombohedral (110) bismuth is notably large as expected from its large spin-orbit interaction, and such a large SHE is ascribed to the large effective g-factor … arXiv — cond-mat.mtrl-sci (Materials Science preprints) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science New dark matter theory could solve multiple cosmic mysteries at once Dark matter may be far more complicated than scientists once believed. A new study suggests it could consist of at least two different kinds of particles that slowly separate over time, with heavier particles sinking toward the centers of galaxies and lighter ones drifting outward. This simple idea could explain several puzzling cosmic observations that have frustrated astronomers for years, fr… ScienceDaily — Materials Science · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Industry 4.0‐Enabled Circular Economy: Empirical Evidence and Strategic Roadmap for Manufacturing and Service Sectors Business Strategy and the Environment, EarlyView. Business Strategy and the Environment (Wiley) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Typhoons mix up bacteria and biochemistry After a typhoon surprised a research cruise, scientists took advantage of the unique sampling opportunity to reveal rapid changes in bacterioplankton communities and biogeochemical cycling. Phys.org — Environment tag feed · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Scale Development for Ecotourism in the Context of Sustainability: A Perspective From the Gulf Countries Sustainable Development, EarlyView. Sustainable Development (Wiley) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Educational Pathway, Program Type, Socioeconomic Status, and Graduates' Labor Market Attainment for Sustainable Development Sustainable Development, EarlyView. Sustainable Development (Wiley) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Addressing water resource constraints for electrolytic hydrogen demand in China Nature Sustainability · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Monitoring nature-based solutions is key for compliance, co-creation and practice improvement Nature Sustainability · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Resilience metrics to guide back-up investments in the power system during extreme weather Nature Sustainability · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Human mobility dynamics for cost-effective flood emergency resource allocation Nature Sustainability · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Replace the vitreous permanently Nature Reviews Materials (Nature Portfolio) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Rethinking energy density limits in dielectric materials Nature Reviews Materials (Nature Portfolio) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Skillful multiyear prediction of Atlantic sector Arctic Sea ice and its link to AMOC variability Communications Earth & Environment (Nature Portfolio) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Urban decarbonization needs strategic reserves for critical materials Communications Earth & Environment (Nature Portfolio) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Linalool-enhanced polyurethane/orange peel composite films for improved mechanical and biological performance The development of multifunctional wound dressings with combined mechanical strength and biological activity remains a major challenge in wound-care applications. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composite films containing finely groundorange peel (OP) powder and linalool (Ln) were fabricated via solvent casting for potential wound dressing applications. FTIR analysis confirmed t… Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Role of political economy in flood management policies and governance reforms in India This research paper delves into the intricate role of political economy in shaping India’s flood management policies from the 1950s to the present day. While flood governance in India has been widely studied, the political-economy dimensions driving policy evolution remain insufficiently explored. Addressing this gap, the study employs a qualitative approach combining a systematic review of pol… Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Examining employee pro environmental behavior under organizational politics the conditional roles of climate and leadership Employee pro-environmental behavior plays a central role in translating organizational sustainability commitments into meaningful outcomes, particularly in ESG-driven industries. While prior research has emphasized the positive influence of green leadership and environmental climate on such behavior, limited attention has been given to how organizational politics may disrupt these mechanisms. T… Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Renewable energy and sustainability drivers in Luxembourg evidence from electricity demand finance foreign direct investment and innovation This study examines the asymmetric relationship between renewable energy (RE), electricity consumption (EC), financial development (FD), foreign direct investment (FDI), and innovation (INN) in Luxembourg using a nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) approach. The analysis employs annual data and decomposes FDI, FDI, and INN into positive and negative changes to capture asymmetric ad… Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Optimizing mechanical performance and self-healing efficiency of cement mortar using bacteria-infused expanded clay pellets: an experimental and machine learning approach Microcracks are a major cause of long-term deterioration in concrete structures, as they permit water and aggressive chemicals to enter and weaken the matrix. In this study, a self-healing approach was explored using expanded clay pellets impregnated with Bacillus subtilis, which can precipitate calcite and seal cracks. The pellets protect the bacteria from the high alkalinity of cement and cre… Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Climate change impacts on agricultural productivity and resilience in Sub-Saharan Africa Climate change poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity and food security in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where many people rely heavily on rain-fed agriculture for their livelihoods. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall and more frequent extreme weather events have caused substantial fluctuations in crop yields. However, the extent to which socio-economic, institutional and adapti… Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Land use regression modelling of long term PM 2.5 exposure using regulatory monitoring data and machine learning in Mashhad Iran Accurate assessment of long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) remains challenging in many Middle Eastern cities because of sparse monitoring networks and complex emission sources. This study developed a machine learning-based land use regression (LUR) framework using a Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) to estimate annual mean PM 2.5 concentrations across Mashhad, the second most … Discover Sustainability (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026 Research & science Investigating Habitat Quality Fluctuations and Its Socio-ecological Drivers in Key Biodiversity Areas of the Kivu-Rusizi Transboundary Basin of Rwanda, Burundi, and DRC The Kivu-Rusizi basin, a transboundary biodiversity hotspot in East Africa and home to eight key biodiversity areas (KBAs), possesses resources essential for local and global communities, including critical minerals. However, it confronts various conservation challenges, primarily stemming from increasing socio-economic demands, security instability, a lack of joint monitoring, and insufficient… Environmental Management (Springer) · 14 Jul 2026